MENTAL DISORDERS DON'T HINDER HEADACHE TREATMENT

Contrary to long-standing thinking, medications may offer comparable headache relief to those with and without mental disorders.

For an especially miserable time, mix recurring headaches with depression, anxiety or both. But people in such a fix have cause for optimism, courtesy of a team led by psychologist Bernadette Heckman of Ohio University in Athens.

Drug treatments for headaches work just as well for patients with these psychiatric disorders as for those with no such problems, Heckman and her colleagues report in the November Pain.

Researchers and clinicians generally assume that the presence of one or more psychiatric ailments worsens headache symptoms and thus the prospects for successful treatment. Heckman and her colleagues conducted one of the few prospective studies to test that conviction.

“Contrary to conventional clinical wisdom, many patients with psychiatric disorders responded favorably to headache treatment,” Heckman says.

The team found that, during six months of treatment at any of four outpatient headache clinics, rates of improvement in headache frequency and intensity were about the same for patients with depression, anxiety, a combination of the two or no psychiatric disorders.

In a comment published with the new study, psychologist Todd Smitherman of the University of Mississippi in Oxford and psychiatrist Donald Penzien of the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson say that the new findings “give us pause to reconsider our earlier predictions” that people with mental disorders respond poorly to headache treatment.

READ MORE @ SCIENCE NEWS

Drug Combo May Offer Best Relief for Nerve Pain

People with nerve pain respond better to a combination treatment using the anticonvulsant gabapentin and antidepressant nortriptyline than to treatment with either drug alone, according to Canadian researchers.

The study findings suggest that combination treatment could be used to help people who only partially respond to one drug or the other.

Nerve, or neuropathic, pain -- which affects 2 to 3 percent of the population -- is "initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the nervous system," according to a news release from The Lancet, which is publishing the study online Sept. 29. Conditions that cause neuropathic pain include nerve problems in the spine, diabetes-related nerve damage and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), which is nerve pain caused by the varicella zoster virus that can follow an outbreak of shingles.

ATLANTA JOURNAL CONSTITUTION

Second-Generation Antipsychotics Are No Better Than First-Generation Drugs for Schizophrenia

Second-generation antipsychotic drugs are not necessarily better than the first-generation drug haloperidol at treating a first episode of schizophrenia. This is the conclusion of authors of an article published in this week's issue of The Lancet.

Second-generation drugs, introduced over a decade ago, are purported to be more effective and less likely to induce motor side effects, such as stiffness and tremors, than first-generation drugs. However, results from studies comparing the 2 types of drugs have not been reliable -- studies have over-represented men and under-represented those with other issues such as drug abuse. Moreover, these trials were often too short. The question of which drugs are more effective is an important one, as many of the newer drugs are more expensive.

READ MORE @ DOCTOR'S GUIDE

Researchers May Have Found Test For Depression

Researchers from the University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine have discovered that a change in the location of a protein in the brain could serve as a biomarker for depression, allowing a simple, rapid, laboratory test to identify patients with depression and to determine whether a particular antidepressant therapy will provide a successful response.

"This test could serve to predict the efficacy of antidepressant therapy quickly, within four to five days, sparing patients the agony of waiting a month or more to find out if they are on the correct therapeutic regimen," said Mark Rasenick, UIC distinguished university professor of physiology and biophysics and psychiatry.

Despite decades of research, the biological basis of depression is unknown, and the molecular and cellular targets of antidepressant treatment remain elusive, although it is likely that these drugs have one or more primary targets.

Rasenick said the discovery could help millions who suffer from undiagnosed depression or receive unsuccessful treatment.

READ MORE @ SCIENCE DAILY

FDA fast-tracks first cocaine, meth addiction fighter

Deerfield-based Ovation Pharmaceuticals said Tuesday its drug vigabatrin, being developed to treat cocaine and methamphetamine dependence, has landed “fast track” designation from U.S. regulators potentially speeding up the process for market approval.

The drug would be the first approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for treatment of the addictions.

The anticonvulsant drug, to be marketed under the brand name Sabril, is believed to block the craving and euphoria associated with cocaine and meth use. It is thought to work by increasing brain levels of so-called gamma-aminobutyric acid, a transmitter that inhibits certain activity in the brain.

Data from animal testing and two small-scale early-stage studies in people with chronic cocaine and meth addiction have found that when given Sabril, cocaine and meth users no longer have a craving for the drugs, and if the drugs are taken, the users have no euphoria related to taking them, executives have said.

Ovation is collaborating with the National Institute on Drug Abuse on Phase II studies to evaluate the safety of the drug. Phase III trials are expected to be launched by the end of next year.

READ MORE @ CHICAGO SUN-TIMES

British Psychiatrists Criticize Rise Of Bipolar Disorder In Adults, Children

David Healy and his colleague Joanna Le Noury have a new paper out, which examines the rise of bipolar disorder in both adults and children and puts it all in some kind of historical context. It's a lengthier examination of what Healy calls disease mongering than his PLoS paper of 2006. If you want to avoid my summary of this new piece, which I think is a withering attack on just about everyone in the mental health industry, then read their paper here (it's a .pdf file).

This is a lengthy post, but I think it's worth laying out the authors' key points since they are pushing back against some powerful forces in our culture and, at the end, asking if the bipolar child paradigm isn't a new form of Munchausen’s syndrome. I should also note that this site makes an appearance by inference in the article, which was published in the International Journal of Risk & Safety in Medicine.

READ MORE @ FURIOUS SEASONS

Ritalin: The scandal of kiddy coke

When he was in the throes of his worst tantrums, Daniel Fletcher would rip wallpaper off the walls at home and hit and kick anyone who came near him.

Once, he put his pet mouse in the microwave. On another occasion he jumped out of a moving car.

He was first diagnosed with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) at the age of two, and just three years later the little boy was prescribed the amphetamine-like drug Ritalin.

The effect, says his mother Hayley, was a loss of appetite but no difference in his behaviour.

"So the doctor kept upping the doses until he was on six times the normal dose, yet he was still hyperactive."

Eight months ago, Daniel, now 14, was put on Risperdal - an antipsychotic drug usually given to schizophrenics.

"It was as if my son had been replaced by a doped-up zombie,' says Hayley, 35, who took him off it a month later.

READ MORE @ DAILY MAIL